Current Affairs 2025 Questions and Answers - January 2025

Staying updated with the latest current affairs of January 2025 is essential for students preparing for competitive exams such as UPSC, SSC, Banking, Railway, Defence, and State PSCs. To help you stay ahead in your preparation, we have carefully compiled the Top 100 Current Affairs Questions and Answers of January 2025 from trusted and authentic government sources like the as PIB (Press Information Bureau), News On Air, DD News and leading national publications such as The Hindu, The Indian Express, The Times of India and Hindustan Times.

Each current affairs question and answer in this list has been carefully selected based on recent events from January 2025, covering important topics such as Science, Sports, World, India, Public Administration, Space, Art and Culture, Environment, Defence, Economy, Agriculture and Awards. Every answer includes a brief explanation to help you understand the context better, making your revision more effective. Whether you are a beginner or a regular exam aspirant, this collection will serve as a quick and trusted resource for current affairs 2025 preparation.

Current Affairs 2025 Questions and Answers - January 2025

1. What is the primary objective of the District Development Coordination and Monitoring Committee (DISHA)?

1. To monitor and ensure the effective implementation of central schemes at the district level
2. To supervise state government projects only
3. To conduct district-level elections
4. To manage district police administration

Answer: A) To monitor and ensure the effective implementation of central schemes at the district level

Explanation: The District Development Coordination and Monitoring Committee (DISHA) was launched in 2016 by the Ministry of Rural Development. Its main aim is to ensure better coordination, monitoring, and implementation of central government schemes at the district level. The senior-most Lok Sabha MP representing the district acts as the Chairperson of the DISHA Committee. Members include MPs, MLAs, and representatives from Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) and local bodies. DISHA meetings are held once every quarter to review and monitor the progress of government programs.

Trusted Source: News On Air, PIB (Press Information Bureau), DD News

2. In which year were diplomatic relations between India and Indonesia formally established?

1. 1945
2. 1947
3. 1950
4. 1951

Answer: C) 1950

Explanation: India and Indonesia established formal diplomatic relations in 1950, based on mutual respect, historical ties, and shared anti-colonial struggles. Both countries are maritime neighbours, connected through the Andaman Sea and the Indian Ocean. The relationship is strengthened under the vision of “SAGAR” (Security and Growth for All in the Region) and the Act East Policy of India. Indonesia is India’s largest trading partner in the ASEAN region, with trade in sectors like coal, palm oil, pharmaceuticals, and textiles.

Trusted Source: PIB (Press Information Bureau), The Hindu, The Indian Express

3. Which authority’s joint committee declared the Ghaggar River unsafe for bathing?

1. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
2. National Green Tribunal (NGT)
3. Supreme Court of India
4. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

Answer: B) National Green Tribunal (NGT)

Explanation: A joint committee constituted by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) found that the Ghaggar River is unsafe for bathing, because of higher biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) levels. The Ghaggar River originates in the Shivalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh, flows through Haryana and Rajasthan, and discharges into the Thar Desert. High BOD indicates excessive organic pollution (untreated sewage, slum-drain runoff, industrial discharge) which reduces dissolved oxygen, making the water unfit for bathing and harmful for aquatic life. The NGT has the power to constitute panels and committees to monitor rivers and direct remediation under the and related laws.

Trusted Source: Hindustan Times, The Indian Express, India Today

4. What is the primary role of the Bhargavastra system developed by India?

1. Long-range ballistic missile defence system
2. Anti-satellite weapon system
3. Counter-drone / anti-UAV system using micro-rockets and micro-missiles
4. Cruise missile for maritime strike

Answer: C) Counter-drone / anti-UAV system using micro-rockets and micro-missiles

Explanation: India has successfully tested its first indigenous micro-missile system, Bhargavastra, designed to counter the threat of swarm drones. Swarm drones are multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) working together as a coordinated system. Designed by Solar Defence and Aerospace Limited (SDAL). The system has a detection range of around 6–10 kilometres (radar/EO/IR sensors) and an engagement/interception range of up to about 2.5 km.

Trusted Source: News On Air, PIB (Press Information Bureau), DD News

5. Where will India’s Third Launch Pad (TLP) be constructed?

1. Thumba Equatorial Launching Station, Kerala
2. Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh
3. Kudankulam, Tamil Nadu
4. Chandipur, Odisha

Answer: B) Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh

Explanation: The Third Launch Pad will be built at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota, in Andhra Pradesh by ISRO. Sriharikota already houses two launch pads used for PSLV and GSLV missions. The Third Launch Pad will be designed as a universal and flexible platform to support Next Generation Launch Vehicles (NGLV), LVM3 (GSLV Mk-III), and future heavy-lift rockets. It will also serve as a standby for the Second Launch Pad, ensuring uninterrupted launch operations.

Trusted Source: PIB (Press Information Bureau), The Hindu, The Indian Express

6. India’s indigenous surgical robotic system, SSI Mantra, recently achieved a world-first milestone in cardiac surgery. What was this achievement?

1. Performed robotic cardiac surgeries with zero human intervention
2. Conducted robotic cardiac telesurgeries with a latency of only 40 milliseconds
3. First robotic system to perform brain surgeries in India
4. Developed a fully autonomous surgical AI for laparoscopic procedures

Answer: B) Conducted robotic cardiac telesurgeries with a latency of only 40 milliseconds

Explanation: SSI Mantra is India’s first indigenous surgical robotic system. It performed robotic cardiac telesurgeries, a world-first achievement. The system operated with extremely low latency of 40 milliseconds, ensuring high precision in remote surgeries. This achievement represents a major step in India’s medical technology and telemedicine capabilities. SSI Mantra is part of India’s initiative to develop advanced indigenous healthcare technologies.

Trusted Source: News On Air, PIB (Press Information Bureau), DD News

7. Nano bubble technology is increasingly used in water treatment. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of nano bubble technology?

1. Increasing dissolved oxygen content in water
2. Removing contaminants and reducing biofilm
3. Promoting excessive phytoplankton (algae) growth
4. Ensuring more homogeneous distribution of oxygen and disinfectants

Answer: C) Promoting excessive phytoplankton (algae) growth

Explanation: Union Minister of State for Forest, Environment and Climate Change launched 'Nano Bubble Technology' for cleaning and purifying water of National Zoological Park, Delhi to promote the health of aquatic animals. Nano bubble technology is a method of water treatment that uses tiny bubbles to improve water quality. The important ecological benefits are to remove contaminants, increase dissolved oxygen content, help in the removal of phytoplankton (algae), reduce biofilm, and ultimately improve the properties of water suitable for aquatic animals. The nano bubble technology can lead to a more homogeneous distribution due to the minuscule size and persistence of the bubbles in the water bodies.

Trusted Source: PIB (Press Information Bureau), The Indian Express, DD News

8. The Ministry of Defence recently launched the ‘Bharat Ranbhoomi Darshan’ website and app. What is the primary purpose of this initiative?

1. To provide real-time military operations updates
2. To train soldiers in modern warfare techniques
3. To monitor border security using satellite imagery
4. To promote battlefield tourism with virtual tours and historical information

Answer: D) To promote battlefield tourism with virtual tours and historical information

Explanation: The Ministry of Defence, under its ‘Battlefield Tourism’ plan, launched the Bharat Ranbhoomi Darshan website and app as a one-stop platform for information and clearances for battlefield visits. It features virtual tours, historical narratives, and information about significant battle sites. The Indian Army, in collaboration with the Ministry of Tourism, has identified important sites like Kibithoo and Bum La Pass (Arunachal Pradesh), Rezang La and Pangong Tso (Ladakh), and Doklam (Sikkim), which have witnessed historical military action.

Trusted Source: PIB (Press Information Bureau), The Indian Express, DD News

9. The Konda Reddi tribe, one of the Scheduled Tribes of India, is primarily found in which region?

1. Western Ghats of Kerala and Karnataka
2. Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha
3. Northern plains of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar
4. Desert region of Rajasthan

Answer: B) Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha

Explanation: The Konda Reddi are a tribal community classified as a Scheduled Tribe in India, mainly residing in the Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. They are known for their distinct culture, traditional agricultural practices, and forest-based livelihoods. The term “Konda” means “hill,” indicating their habitual settlement in hilly and forested areas. They speak the Konda dialect, which belongs to the Dravidian language family.

Trusted Source: The Hindu, The Indian Express, India Today

10. Indonesia’s Mount Ibu, located on the island of Halmahera, recently made news for erupting how many times in a single month?

1. 100 times
2. 500 times
3. 1,000 times
4. 2,000 times

Answer: C) 1,000 times

Explanation: Mount Ibu, a stratovolcano on Halmahera Island in Indonesia, erupted 1,000 times in a single month, highlighting its high volcanic activity. Indonesia lies on the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is a zone prone to frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions due to tectonic plate boundaries. Mount Ibu’s frequent eruptions are generally small to moderate in scale, but continuous monitoring is essential for local communities and disaster management.

Trusted Source: News On Air, PIB (Press Information Bureau), DD News